Understanding the Need for Python 3.6.9 on Ubuntu 20.04
Python is a versatile programming language that enjoys widespread use in various domains such as web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and more. While Ubuntu 20.04 comes with Python 3.8 as the default version, certain applications and development environments may specifically require Python 3.6.9. This could be due to compatibility issues or dependency requirements. In this article, we will delve into the process of installing Python 3.6.9 on Ubuntu 20.04, ensuring that developers can work with the specific Python version they need.
Prerequisites for Installing Python 3.6.9
Before proceeding with the installation of Python 3.6.9 on Ubuntu 20.04, it is essential to ensure that your system meets the following prerequisites:
- A machine running Ubuntu 20.04
- Access to a user account with sudo privileges
- An internet connection to download the necessary packages
- Basic knowledge of the Linux command line interface
Step-by-Step Guide to Installing Python 3.6.9
Updating the Package List
The first step in installing Python 3.6.9 is to update the package list on your Ubuntu system. This ensures that you have the latest information about available packages and their versions.
sudo apt update
Installing Supporting Software
Next, install software properties that are necessary to add new repositories to your system.
sudo apt install software-properties-common
Adding the Deadsnakes PPA
Deadsnakes is a PPA (Personal Package Archive) that provides newer releases of Python for older Ubuntu releases. To install Python 3.6.9, you need to add this PPA to your system.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
After adding the PPA, update the package list again to include the packages from Deadsnakes.
sudo apt update
Installing Python 3.6.9
With the Deadsnakes PPA added, you can now install Python 3.6.9.
sudo apt install python3.6
Verifying the Installation
Once the installation is complete, verify that Python 3.6.9 is correctly installed by checking its version.
python3.6 --version
The output should display the version number of Python 3.6.9, confirming that the installation was successful.
Setting up a Virtual Environment for Python 3.6.9
Using a virtual environment is a best practice when working with Python projects. It allows you to manage dependencies and Python versions on a per-project basis.
Installing the Virtual Environment Package
First, install the python3-venv package, which provides the venv module to create virtual environments.
sudo apt install python3.6-venv
Creating a New Virtual Environment
Create a new directory for your project and navigate into it. Then, create a virtual environment using Python 3.6.9.
mkdir my_project
cd my_project
python3.6 -m venv my_project_env
Activating the Virtual Environment
To activate the virtual environment, use the following command:
source my_project_env/bin/activate
Once activated, your command prompt will change to indicate that you are now working within the virtual environment.
Managing Python Packages within the Virtual Environment
Upgrading pip
It’s a good practice to upgrade pip, the Python package installer, to its latest version within the virtual environment.
pip install --upgrade pip
Installing Packages with pip
You can now install packages using pip that will be local to the virtual environment.
pip install package_name
Freezing Project Dependencies
To keep track of your project’s dependencies, you can freeze them into a requirements.txt file.
pip freeze > requirements.txt
Configuring the System to Use Python 3.6.9 as Default (Optional)
If you need to set Python 3.6.9 as the default Python version on your system, you can do so by updating the alternatives system.
Updating Alternatives for Python
Use the update-alternatives command to add Python 3.6.9 to the list of alternatives and then configure it as the default.
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.6 1
sudo update-alternatives --config python3
Select Python 3.6.9 from the list presented to make it the default version.
FAQ Section
What is a PPA and why do I need to add one to install Python 3.6.9?
A PPA, or Personal Package Archive, is a repository for software packages that are not included in the official Ubuntu repositories. The Deadsnakes PPA provides newer versions of Python for older Ubuntu releases, which is why it’s needed to install Python 3.6.9 on Ubuntu 20.04.
Can I have multiple Python versions installed on my Ubuntu system?
Yes, you can have multiple Python versions installed on your system. They can coexist, and you can switch between them using virtual environments or the update-alternatives system.
Is it safe to change the default Python version on Ubuntu?
Changing the default Python version can lead to system instability if not done carefully, as some system applications rely on a specific Python version. It’s generally safer to use virtual environments for different projects.
How do I deactivate a Python virtual environment?
To deactivate a virtual environment, simply type deactivate in the terminal while the virtual environment is active.
What should I do if I encounter errors during the installation?
If you encounter errors during the installation, make sure you have followed all the steps correctly. Check for any typos in the commands and ensure your system is up to date. If the problem persists, seek help from online communities or official documentation.
